Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound and Colour Doppler in Endometrial and Cervical Polyps

Introduction: Endometrial and cervical polyps are common causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in females in different age groups. These polyps may range in pathology from simple endometrial hyperplasia to endometrial carcinoma which affects patient management. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of transvaginal ultrasonography and colour Doppler (TVUS) in the diagnosis and differentiation of various endometrial polypoidal masses and to correlate its findings with operative and hysteroscopic results. Patients and Methods: This study included forty-one female patients, ranging in age from 23-58 years. Thirty-five patients had abnormal uterine bleeding, while six patients presented with infertility. TVUS, colour flow mapping and power Doppler were done to all patients and so also 3 & 4 D US. Saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS) was performed to 10 patients and Hysterosalpingography (HSG) was done to 6 patients. Hysteroscopy was performed to 17 patients, while dilatation and curettage was done for 22 patients and two cases had done follow-up after two months treatment. The results of TVUS, HSG and SIS were correlated with hysteroscopic findings and the pathological results of biopsies. Results and Conclusion: TVUS could diagnose forty five polypoidal lesions. The lesions included hyperplasic endometrial polyps in 22 cases, Cerivcal polyps in 12 cases, submucous fibroids in 8 cases, in addition to three polypoidal endometrial masses wrongly diagnosed as endometrial polyps and by pathology one proved to contain malignant cells, the second was focal endometrial hyperplasia, the third was retained products of conception. The sensitivity on TVS in detection of polypoidal masses was 100%, but the specificity of mass characterization was 95.2%.